What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition that occurs when the median nerve, which runs from your forearm into the palm of your hand, becomes compressed at the wrist. This can cause pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and arm.
Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Several factors may contribute to the development of CTS, including:
Repetitive hand movements, especially typing or assembly line work
Wrist injuries or fractures
Conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, or thyroid dysfunction
Fluid retention during pregnancy or menopause
Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Common symptoms include:
Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers
Pain that may extend to the arm or shoulder
Weakness in the hand and difficulty gripping objects
Symptoms often worsen at night or when using the hand
Diagnosis and Testing
Diagnosis typically involves:
Medical history review
Physical examination, including Tinel’s sign and Phalen’s test
Nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG)
Ultrasound or MRI in some cases
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity and may include:
Non-Surgical Treatments:
Wearing a wrist splint, especially at night
Anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injections
Physical or occupational therapy
Activity modification and ergonomic adjustments
Surgical Treatment:
If non-surgical treatments are ineffective, carpal tunnel release surgery may be recommended to relieve pressure on the median nerve.
Preventing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
While it may not be entirely preventable, you can reduce your risk by:
Taking frequent breaks from repetitive tasks
Maintaining proper hand and wrist posture
Using ergonomic tools and workstations
Stretching and strengthening hand muscles
When to See a Doctor
You should consult a doctor if:
Symptoms persist for several weeks
Pain or numbness affects daily activities
There's noticeable muscle weakness in the hand
Conclusion
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common but manageable condition. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term nerve damage. Adopting ergonomic practices and lifestyle changes can also significantly reduce the risk of developing CTS.